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Single Photons & Three Polarizers

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About this simulation

Ideal projective polarization measurements follow Malus’s law. Input photons are horizontal or unpolarized. F1, F2 and F3 count absorption at each filter; the fourth outcome is transmission. Absorbed photons are included in the total. No detector losses are added.

What students can explore

  • Remove the middle filter, then insert it at 45°. Predict the transmitted fraction before collecting data.
  • Crossed filters block light, but inserting a third filter at 45° can restore transmission. Each transmitted photon is prepared in the filter’s polarization.

Learning objectives

  1. 1Remove the middle filter, then insert it at 45°. Predict the transmitted fraction before collecting data.

Questions teachers ask

How does this work?

Ideal projective polarization measurements follow Malus’s law. Input photons are horizontal or unpolarized. F1, F2 and F3 count absorption at each filter; the fourth outcome is transmission. Absorbed photons are included in the total. No detector losses are added.

Embed this simulation

Drop it into your LMS, blog, or class site — free.

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