Earthquake Waves & Epicentre Lab

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About this simulation

Read P and S arrivals at three stations, compare distance circles and predict an earthquake’s epicentre.

What students can explore

Why does the S−P gap grow at more distant stations? Use three circles to locate the source.
A flat, uniform surface-source model: P = 6 km/s; S = 3.5 km/s. Distance = (S−P)/(1/3.5−1/6). Real Earth structure and depth alter travel times. This is not a forecast.

Learning objectives

1Why does the S−P gap grow at more distant stations? Use three circles to locate the source.

Questions teachers ask

Why does the S−P gap grow at more distant stations? Use three circles to locate the source.

P travels faster. A longer journey increases the arrival gap. Each circle gives possible locations; their common intersection locates this model’s source.

About the model

A flat, uniform surface-source model: P = 6 km/s; S = 3.5 km/s. Distance = (S−P)/(1/3.5−1/6). Real Earth structure and depth alter travel times. This is not a forecast.

Embed this simulation

Drop it into your LMS, blog, or class site — free.

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